He was previously a Lecturer in Financial Economics at the Department of Economics of the University of Glasgow and, before that, a Norwich Union (AVIVA) postdoctoral research fellow in the Department of Economics of the University of York. He holds a first-class degree in Banking and Financial Management from the University of Piraeus, an MSc in Econometrics and Economics with Distinction and a PhD in Economics, both from the University of York, funded by a departmental scholarship and an ESRC grant.